Last weekend we had a lovely afternoon at a friend's house. We were attending a matinee of her most recent dramatic endeavor, and afterwards we had a nice potluck dinner. I volunteered to make the entree and a vegetable side dish. Both dishes made use of a "bechamel" - one of the 4 classic French sauces from which all others originate.
My entree was a macaroni and cheese casserole reminiscent of tuna noodle casserole. Instead of tuna I used chicken, and instead of noodles we used wheat penne pasta.
First, I poached the chicken breasts in a combination of cool water, a splash of whiskey (bourbon, whisky or brandy would be fine), some peppercorns, and a couple bay leaves. Just barely let the water come up to a simmer, and simmer about 8-10 minutes. Be careful because over-cooking will make the chicken tough and dry.

Once cooked, let the chicken breasts cool and then shred or cube into bite-sized pieces.

Every bechamel begins in the same way - savory vegetables or garlic sauteed in a fat to a certain point of brown, and then flour added to help thicken the eventual sauce. Here, I've sauteed the onions in butter until soft, then added flour. You want to cook the flour a bit to cook the pasty taste out but not too long such that it browns. When you have a mostly white sauce, it is considered "blonde". You may realize this is the same process for making a "roux". Many Cajun dishes begin with a roux that is browned deeply to a deep rich brown color.
The next step in a bechamel is to add a liquid to make it saucy. Usually this is a broth, milk or cream, or a combination. Here I've used a combination of broth and milk. Usually you are heating the milk or cream while cooking the roux so that when you add it to the flour mixture the temperature doesn't drop suddenly.

The sauce will thicken, based on what ratio flour to liquid you use. Adding nutmeg to the bechamel is very traditional, along with salt and pepper to taste.
You'll want to cook your pasta or noodles more al dente than normal as you'll be cooking it in the oven. Along with the pasta and sauce, I used frozen peas that had been blanched and cooled, cheddar cheese, the pre-cooked chicken, and some breadcrumbs for the top.
Chicken Pasta Cheese Bake, adapted from
Macaroni and Cheese by Marlena Spieler
4 chicken breasts
2 bay leaves
5-6 peppercorns
2 tablespoons whiskey, brandy, or bourbon
6 tablespoons butter
1 medium onion, chopped
1/4 cup flour
1 cup chicken or vegetable broth
2 cups hot, not boiling milk
grating of fresh nutmeg
12 oz pasta or noodles
6 oz sharp cheddar, shredded
1/2 to 3/4 cup fresh or frozen peas
3-4 tablespoons dry breadcrumbs
Preheat over to 375 degrees.
Cover chicken breasts in a large saucepan with water and bring to a slow simmer with the bay leaves, peppercorns, and whiskey. Let simmer 8-10 minutes until there is no pink left in the breasts. Do not overcook. You'll want to skim off any foam that develops as they cook. Cool and chop or shred into bite-sized pieces.
Blanch the peas in hot water for 2 minutes, then cool in ice water. Drain and set aside.
In a large saucepan melt 4 tablespoons of the butter, add the onion and cook until softened. Raise the heat slightly and add the flour. Cook for a few minutes to cook out the flour taste, and take off the heat. Stir in the broth and hot milk and return to the heat. Cook the sauce over medium-high heat for 7-10 minutes or until thick. Use a whisk to beat out any lumps. Add salt and pepper to taste along with the nutmeg. Set aside.
Cook pasta or noodles until al dente but less cooked than normal and drain.
Butter a large shallow caserrole pan. Add 1/4 of the sauce to the bottom of the pan along with 1/4 of the cheese. Add 1/3 of the chicken, peas, and noodles, in layers. Repeat the layers 2 more times and end with the sauce and cheese. Sprinkle with the breadcrumbs and dot with 2 tablespoons butter.
Bake about 30 minutes until brown and crisped in places.

The vegetable side dish I made was Creamed Spinach. It begins the same way, with a bechamel of onions, butter, and flour. I added only milk, and a lot less, as you want this sauce to be thicker than that for the pasta dish. Add 2 defrosted and drained packages frozen spinach to the bechamel. Add salt, pepper, and a dash of grated nutmeg to taste.

Creamed Spinach
2 tablespoons butter
1 small onion, chopped
3 tablespoons flour
1/2 cup milk
2 boxes frozen spinach, defrosted and squeezed dry
Melt butter in a large saucepan over medium-high heat and add onions. Cook until softened. Add flour and cook a few minutes to cook out floury taste. Add milk and cook until incorporated and thickened. Add spinach, breaking up strands. Cook until heated through.
Labels: entree, pasta, vegetarian